{"id":1515,"date":"2026-06-17T17:51:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T09:51:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/banott.com\/?post_type=news&#038;p=1515"},"modified":"2026-06-17T17:51:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T09:51:14","slug":"how-long-do-mbr-membranes-last-in-a-wastewater-treatment-plant","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/news\/how-long-do-mbr-membranes-last-in-a-wastewater-treatment-plant\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 MBR\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629: \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 MBR \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/category\/hollow-fiber-membrane-mbr\/\">\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR<\/a> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u064810 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0643\u0643\u0644: \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 MBR \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_868\" style=\"width: 498px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-868\" class=\"wp-image-868\" src=\"http:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/MBR-Membrane-for-Wastewater-Treatment-Systems.webp\" alt=\"Hollow Fiber Membrane MBR\" width=\"488\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/MBR-Membrane-for-Wastewater-Treatment-Systems.webp 872w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/MBR-Membrane-for-Wastewater-Treatment-Systems-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/MBR-Membrane-for-Wastewater-Treatment-Systems-768x575.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-868\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a (MBR) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642. \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u00bb (MBR). \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 MBR. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR. \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 (COD) \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0633\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 MBR \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630\u064d \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (MBR)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a. \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (MBR) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 MBR\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648MLSS\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a EPC \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 (PLC) \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 SCADA\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 MBR \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 MBR\u060c \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629: \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 MBR. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 MBR \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_627\" style=\"width: 366px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-627\" class=\"wp-image-627\" src=\"http:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/imgi_24_43-800-800.webp\" alt=\"Integrated Flat Sheet MBR Membrane Module\" width=\"356\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/imgi_24_43-800-800.webp 640w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/imgi_24_43-800-800-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/imgi_24_43-800-800-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 MBR \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 MBR \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 (MBR) \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (RO) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (EDI) \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c, <a href=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/category\/ro-membrane\/\">\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/a>, \u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (EDI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a (MBR) \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 (MBR) \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0651\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (RO) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 (UF) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (EDI) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 MBR. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644. \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 3\u20135: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 5\u20137: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 7 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p>After 10 years: Replace or upgrade based on project condition<\/p>\n<p>This is only a guide. Some full-scale MBR plants may replace earlier. Others may last longer. The real answer depends on water, design, and operation.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_619\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-619\" class=\"wp-image-619 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Sheet-MBR-Membrane-Module-1.webp\" alt=\"Flat Sheet MBR Membrane Module\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Sheet-MBR-Membrane-Module-1.webp 640w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Sheet-MBR-Membrane-Module-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/banott.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Sheet-MBR-Membrane-Module-1-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-619\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>How Can Engineering Design Extend MBR Membrane Life?<\/h2>\n<p>Good design protects the membrane before problems start. For a new wastewater treatment system, we first study influent data, flow changes, discharge standards, site layout, and reuse needs. Then we choose the membrane area, aeration system, tank structure, PLC logic, and cleaning method.<\/p>\n<p>For municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, one fixed design does not fit every project. A food factory and a semiconductor plant have different risks. A hotel and a chemical plant also need different pretreatment. This is why customized engineering support matters.<\/p>\n<p>As a professional manufacturer, we support <a href=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/category\/hollow-fiber-membrane-mbr\/\">hollow fiber MBR membranes<\/a>, hollow fiber UF membranes, <a href=\"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/category\/flat-sheet-membrane-mbr\/\">flat sheet MBR membranes<\/a>, RO membranes, EDI modules, small RO machines, pure water plants, wastewater plants, containerized systems, and skid-mounted systems. This lets us design integrated membrane processes instead of selling only one part.<\/p>\n<h2>Case Study: Extending Membrane Life in an Industrial Wastewater Project<\/h2>\n<p>One industrial plant had unstable flow, high suspended solids, and frequent fouling. The old water treatment line used simple settling before the MBR. The operators cleaned often, but the membrane pressure still rose. The plant needed more stable effluent and lower downtime.<\/p>\n<p>We reviewed the process and found three main issues: weak pretreatment, high peak load, and poor sludge control. The solution included better screening, equalization, improved aeration, optimized activated sludge process control, and a clearer cleaning schedule. We also adjusted the operating flux to protect the membrane surface.<\/p>\n<p>After the upgrade, the industrial mbr systems ran more smoothly. The plant reduced emergency cleaning, improved water quality, and made the membrane filtration system easier to manage. This kind of result is common when equipment supply and engineering design work together.<\/p>\n<h2>What Should Buyers Ask Before Choosing an MBR Membrane Supplier?<\/h2>\n<p>Before buying an MBR membrane, buyers should ask more than price. Price matters, but long-term operation matters more. A cheap membrane can become expensive if it causes downtime, high energy use, or frequent replacement.<\/p>\n<p>Useful buyer questions include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Can the supplier design for both municipal and industrial wastewater?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Does the supplier provide hollow fiber and flat sheet options?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Can the supplier support containerized or skid-mounted systems?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Does the supplier provide PLC \/ SCADA automation?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Are drawings, manuals, and technical documents clear?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Can the supplier help with commissioning and spare parts?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Does the supplier understand membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment as a full project, not only a product?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For EPC contractors, distributors, and system integrators, the best partner is not only a seller. The best partner helps reduce project risk from design to delivery.<\/p>\n<h2>FAQs About MBR Membrane Service Life<\/h2>\n<h3>Can an MBR membrane really last 10 years?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes, an MBR membrane can last around 10 years in a well-designed and well-operated system. The influent should be controlled, the flux should be reasonable, and cleaning should follow a proper plan.<\/p>\n<h3>What is the main reason MBR membranes fail early?<\/h3>\n<p>The main reason is often uncontrolled membrane fouling. Other causes include poor pretreatment, chemical damage, weak aeration, high solids, wrong cleaning, and poor operation.<\/p>\n<h3>Is MBR better than conventional wastewater treatment?<\/h3>\n<p>For many projects, yes. MBR provides better solid-liquid separation, smaller footprint, and more stable effluent than many conventional systems. However, it needs good operation and correct design.<\/p>\n<h3>Can MBR treated water be reused?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes. Treated water from an MBR can often be reused for irrigation, flushing, cooling, cleaning, or further purified by RO and EDI for higher-grade use. Final use depends on local standards and project design.<\/p>\n<h3>Do industrial wastewater projects need special MBR design?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes. Industrial wastewater may contain oil, chemicals, salt, color, or toxic compounds. These require proper pretreatment and customized design to protect the membrane and keep stable performance.<\/p>\n<h3>How often should MBR membranes be cleaned?<\/h3>\n<p>It depends on water quality and operating data. Many systems use regular maintenance cleaning and deeper recovery cleaning when pressure rises. The best schedule should be based on site data, not guesswork.<\/p>\n<h2>Final Thoughts: How Long Do MBR Membranes Last?<\/h2>\n<p>An MBR membrane usually lasts 5\u201310 years, but the real service life depends on the full project. A good membrane bioreactor is not only about the membrane itself. It is about design, operation, cleaning, automation, and long-term support.<\/p>\n<p>For EPC contractors, engineering companies, municipal plants, factories, and distributors, choosing the right partner can make the difference between frequent problems and stable operation. We build water treatment and wastewater treatment systems with customized engineering, factory manufacturing, clear documentation, commissioning support, and long-term spare parts service.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Things to Remember<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">MBR membranes normally last 5\u201310 years in a well-managed system.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Membrane fouling is the biggest daily risk to long service life.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Good pretreatment protects the membrane and improves system stability.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Correct flux, aeration, sludge control, and cleaning extend membrane life.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hollow fiber and flat sheet designs both have advantages.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Industrial projects need customized engineering, not one-size-fits-all equipment.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">A reliable supplier should support design, manufacturing, automation, commissioning, and spare parts.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The best MBR result comes from matching the membrane, process, and project goal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":1238,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","new_cat":[14],"class_list":["post-1515","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","new_cat-blogs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/1515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1515"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"new_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/banott.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new_cat?post=1515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}